Which of the following is NOT one of the three ways heat is transmitted?

Heat can be transmitted in three fundamental ways: conduction, convection, and radiation.

Conduction involves the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, where heat energy moves from the warmer object to the cooler one. For example, if a metal rod is heated at one end, the heat is conducted along the length of the rod to the cooler end.

Convection refers to the transfer of heat by the movement of fluids—liquids or gases—where warmer, less dense areas rise and cooler, denser areas sink, creating a circulation pattern that distributes heat. A classic example of convection is the way water is heated in a pot on a stove: as the water at the bottom heats up, it rises and is replaced by cooler water, continuing this cycle.

Radiation, on the other hand, is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation, which can occur even in a vacuum. An example of this is feeling the warmth of the sun on your skin, where heat travels through space without needing a medium.

Electromagnetism, while a broad topic that refers to the interaction between charged particles and the associated fields, does not specifically relate to the methods of heat transfer in this context, making